system-design

系统涉及小抄

系统涉及的15个核心概念步骤

Requirement Gathering 收集需求

• 1. 整理功能性与非功能性需求(Functional vs Non-Functional)
• 2. 梳理用户场景故事(Define user stories)
• 3. 指定优先级(Set priority)

System Architecture 系统架构

• 1. 定义系统组件(Define system components)
• 2. 选择架构类型(Choose architectural styles)
• 3. 考虑系统可扩展性和可维护性(Consider scalability, maintainablity)

Data Design 核心数据设计

• 1. Define data models and schemas
• 2. Choose proper database
• 3. Define retention target

Domain Design

• 1. Break down system into business domains
• 2. Encapsulate functionality within modules
• 3. Minimize dependencies among domains

Scalability

• 1. horizontal & vertical scaling
• 2. Load balancing
• 3. Cold start-up

Reliability

• 1. Fault tolerance
• 2. Monitoring and alerting
• 3. Recovery plans

Availability

• 1. Data replication
• 2. Minimize system downtime
• 3. Disaster recovery

Performance

• 1. Define latency and throughput target
• 2. Optimize data structures and encoding
• 3. Caching strategies

Security

• 1. Authentication & Authorization
• 2. Data encryption
• 3. Sensitive data storage

Maintainability

• 1. Clear code structure and documentation
• 2. SDLC management
• 3. Evolvable architecture

Testing

• 1. Define unit, integration, system tests
• 2. Define acceptance tests with the users
• 3. Define performance and security tests

User Experience Design

• 1. Intuitive, user-friendly user interface design
• 2. Design usability tests
• 3. Responsiveness

Cost Estimation

• 1. Evaluate hardware TCO
• 2. Evaluate licensing and subscription fees
• 3. Plan for future scalability costs

Documentation

• 1. Clear technical documentation
• 2. User manuals
• 3. External API design and documentation

Migration Plan

• 1. Techinical stack compatibility
• 2. System interoperability
• 3. Data migration